Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

Jews have lived in Radomysl forming a small community since the 16th century. But after a grueling national liberation war, the Radomyshl kagal was completely devastated and almost disappeared. The second wave of settlement started in the 18th century. and already at that time Jews made up the majority of the population. The beautiful architectural structure, which bore the imprint of the culture and religion of the Jewish people, could not survive the terrible flow of changes of the 20th century. We lost the house, but we did not lose the memories of it and the people who filled it with content ...

 The project for the construction of a stone Jewish synagogue in Radomyshl was drawn up by architect Fedorov on May 7, 1879, and was approved by the governor on March 11, 1880. On June 25, 1879, the elections held for the spiritual board of the synagogue were held. So the Central Radomyshl Synagogue was built in 1887. The synagogue is a Jewish religious building where services, rites, Torah readings and children's education were held.

Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

This building was not the first in Radomyshl. At the beginning of the 19th century the city had 7 houses of worship and two stone synagogues. It is interesting that one of them was choral and it was there that the world-famous musician Jacob Samuel Seidel Isaacovich Morogovsky (Seidel Rovner 1856-1943) began his career. Then it was Lviv, Chisinau, London, Carnegie Hall in New York, but first his music was appreciated in Radomyshl, in the synagogue.

Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

The newly built synagogue has become a pearl in both architectural and cultural meaning. The population's need for such an elegant building was justified as since the 18th century the Jewish population of Radomyshl has fluctuated within 70-80%. It is interesting that traditionally the synagogue, or "small shrine", had to be located in the center of the Jewish settlement on a hill and dominate all other buildings, and, according to the tradition recorded by Josephus, preferably on the banks of a river or other water body.

Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

Radomyshl Synagogue was just like that because Rusanivska Street, January, 9 Street, Chornobyl Street, Kupalna Street were inhabited mainly by the Jewish ethnic group. And this incredibly beautiful, architectural structure towered over the entire neighbourhood. It is not a surprise that rabbis in the city at various times were so famous and respected personalities as the tzaddik (righteous) Abraham Yeshua of Tver, the grandson of Rabbi Nachman, buried in Uman, and the youngest son of the founder of the Hasidic movement, Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Lad Moshe.

Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

They were both buried in our Jewish cemetery. An interesting moment is that the existence of our synagogue was the election of a rabbi in 1894. According to the laws of the Russian Empire, rebbe was elected every 3 years. It was a detailed and complicated procedure. At first, announcements were posted in synagogues and schools, several candidates were nominated, and then, after a certain period of time and under the close control of the authorities, voting was held.

Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

A police officer had to monitor this process. Until 1894, the chief rabbi in the Radomyshl community was Sander Yakovlevich Grinshpun. In the same year, Greenspoon won the next election again. But this time a complaint that the election was held without observance of all norms and is therefore illegal was sent to the governor from Herta-Bira Pidgorny, Eli Pekar, Herta Golina and Faivsh Shklyar. And there was a long, long, long investigation…

Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

Eventually the complaint was ignored as during this time Greenspoon performed these duties and the Radomyshl synagogue had the rabbi. Unfortunately, the fate of the Radomyshl Synagogue was as tragic as the fate of its people. Several times they tried to set it on fire and the vigilant residents reacted in time and stopped the fire.

Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

Until in 1926 a serious fire damaged it so much that it was no longer possible to use this building for its purpose. Well, in the 30s it was completely demolished and the market was arranged on that place.It is still located here opposite the bus station. This is the majestic and tragic fate of one of the most beautiful architectural sites in Radomyshl of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Radomyshl Synagogue -Great Beit Hamidrash

 


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